At Columbia University, President Minouche Shafik set a midnight deadline for students to clear their encampment or face "alternative options." This deadline passed without an agreement being reached, with some students taking down their tents while others remained defiant.

Meanwhile, at a Northern California college, dozens of students remained barricaded inside two buildings.

These demonstrations are part of a larger wave of protests by university students across the country over Israel's war with Hamas.

Dozens of arrests have been made on charges of trespassing or disorderly conduct.

The heightened tension came the night before US House Speaker Mike Johnson's visit to Columbia to address antisemitism on college campuses.

Protesters at California State Polytechnic University, Humboldt, used furniture, tents, chains, and zip ties to block building entrances on Monday evening.

The unexpected protest took place in the conservative region of California, 300 miles north of San Francisco.

Protesters chanted "We are not afraid of you!" as officers in riot gear pushed into them.

One woman was reportedly grabbed by the hair, and another student was injured.

Three students were arrested, and the campus was shut down until Wednesday.

An unknown number of students had occupied a second campus building on Tuesday.

Universities are facing challenges in maintaining campus safety and free speech rights as protests against Israel's actions in Gaza and calls for divestment from companies selling weapons to Israel have escalated.

Protests, which had been ongoing for months, reached a peak with over 100 protesters being arrested at Columbia University and 133 protesters being arrested at New York University.

In Connecticut, 60 protesters, including students, were arrested at Yale for refusing to leave an encampment on campus.

Jewish students have expressed concerns that criticism of Israel has turned into antisemitism, leading universities to impose heavier disciplinary actions.

Yale President Peter Salovey announced that protesters had refused to end their demonstration and meet with trustees, leading to the clearing of their encampment and arrests.

Similar protests occurred at the University of Michigan and University of Minnesota, resulting in arrests and large rallies.

Harvard University has taken preventative measures by locking gates and posting signs against unauthorized camping.

A Ph.D. student at Harvard, Christian Deleon, expressed the need for students to have a place to protest despite the administration's efforts to avoid protests.

Ben Wizner, an ACLU lawyer, acknowledged the difficult position college leaders face in balancing free speech and student safety.

The New York Civil Liberties Union advised universities against using hate incidents as a reason to silence opposing political views and cautioned against relying too heavily on law enforcement.

Students at the University of Michigan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), and University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley) have expressed concerns over hateful rhetoric and antisemitic sentiment on their campuses regarding the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Leo Auerbach from the University of Michigan feels there's a lack of constructive dialogue between groups, while Hannah Didehbani from MIT calls for cutting research ties with Israel's ministry of defense.

Protesters at UC Berkeley, inspired by Columbia University's demonstrators, have set up an encampment and consider them the heart of the student movement.

Protests broke out on college campuses following Hamas' deadly attack on Israel, which resulted in the deaths of approximately 1,200 civilians and the capture of 250 hostages.

During the subsequent war, Israel reportedly killed over 34,000 Palestinians in the Gaza Strip, according to the local health ministry, with at least two-thirds being children and women.

The ministry does not make a distinction between combatants and noncombatants in its count.