NATO criticized Russia for engaging in "malign activities" such as disinformation, sabotage, violence, and cyber interference on NATO territory.
These actions, which include investigations and charges in the Czech Republic, Estonia, Germany, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, and the UK, are part of an escalating campaign by Russia and pose a threat to NATO allies' security.
NATO allies have pledged to work together to deter and defend against hybrid actions, including Russia's ongoing invasion of Ukraine, which is now in its third year.
Last month, a British man was charged with planning an arson attack on a Ukrainian-linked target in London, and Moscow denied any involvement.
In March, Czech authorities dismantled a Russian-funded network spreading propaganda and influencing European institutions, including the European Parliament.