The Quran is the central religious text in Islam. Muslims believe the Quran was verbally revealed by God, through the angel Gabriel, to the Prophet Muhammad over the course of 23 years.

The Quran was revealed in Arabic and it comprises: 30 sections, 114 chapters, 6,236 verses and 77,432 words.

The first verse of the Quran translates to: “Read, in the Name of your Lord Who created ...” [Al-’Alaq: 1]

Muslims are encouraged to continually read and memorise the Quran which has been preserved – to the letter – in its original form since it was revealed more than 1,400 years ago.

Among the oldest Quranic manuscripts in existence are the Sanaa Quran and Birmingham University Quran, both of which date back to the 7th century.

The Quran was first revealed during the month of Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar and the month of fasting and reflection.

Ramadan lasts either 29 or 30 days, depending on the sighting of the moon.

Laylat al-Qadr, or the night of power, is considered by Muslims to be the holiest night of the year. It is the night when the first verses of the Quran were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad inside the Cave of Hira - located in a mountain outside the city of Mecca.

While the exact date of Laylat al-Qadr is unspecified, it is believed to occur on one of the odd-numbered nights during the final 10 days of Ramadan.

Praying on that night is believed to be better than a thousand months of worship and devotion. For this reason, millions of Muslims head towards mosques to attend congregational prayers during this time.

Fasting during the month of Ramadan, from dawn to dusk, is required of adult Muslims who are physically able to. The fast entails abstinence from eating, drinking, smoking and sexual relations to achieve greater “taqwa”, or consciousness of God.

At the end of Ramadan, Muslims celebrate Eid al-Fitr. In Arabic, it means “festival of breaking the fast”.

The Quran is meant as guidance for humanity and covers various topics from the oneness of God (Allah), moral behaviour, social conduct and stories of the prophets.

In many Muslim-majority countries, Quranic recitations, which Muslims recite during prayer, echo on the streets outside for everyone to hear.

The repetition of words and symmetry appears frequently in the Quran. For example, life and death are both mentioned 145 times throughout the Quran. Angels and devils are mentioned 88 times each, while man and woman are each mentioned 24 times.

The word “day” is repeated 365 times in the Quran - which some scholars have connected to the number of days in a year. The word “month” is repeated 12 times in the Quran - like the number of months in a year. “Days”, in the plural form, is repeated 30 times - like the number of days in a month.

The names of Allah mentioned in the Quran

Of the 99 names of God (Allah), 56 begin with "Al" or "The one". These are specifically mentioned in the Quran. Other names are mentioned in the hadith, or sayings of the Prophet Muhammad.

The most frequently mentioned name of God is Al-Aziz (The Almighty) with 60 mentions, followed by Ar-Rahmaan (The Beneficent) 48 times and Al-Hakeem (The All Wise) with 38 mentions.

Many Muslim names and surnames are prefixed by “Abd al” or Abdul, meaning the “servant of”, followed by any one of the 99 names such as Abdulrahmaan or Abd Al-Aziz.

The 25 prophets mentioned in the Quran

Muslims believe that all prophets were sent to preach the message of God - from the first, Prophet Adam, to the last, Prophet Muhammad. More than a quarter (26 percent) of the words of the Quran are stories of the prophets which are meant to serve as historical lessons for people.

The prophets most mentioned by name in the Quran are Prophet Moses (136 times), followed by Prophet Abraham (54 times) and Prophet Noah (50 times). Prophet Adam and Prophet Jesus are mentioned 25 times each.

The Prophet Muhammad is mentioned in the most number of chapters in the Quran, appearing 47 times.

There are some two billion Muslims around the world - about 25 percent of the world’s population. While Muslims recite verses of the Quran in Arabic during prayer, there are a number of interpretations in almost every language around the world.

Muslims are taught to handle the Quran with utmost respect and care. To express their admiration, Quran covers are often decorated with Arabic calligraphy and geometric patterns.

The graphic below shows the covers of translations of the Quran in some of the world’s most spoken languages.